Executive SummaryThe main objective of this business plan is to provide investors information which necessary to evaluate the scope of Inferno Company in the market and the potential future growth in the global market. The market trend analysis and research has shown that there is great and sufficient room for business like Inferno Company to run. Inferno Company will have an energetic, young, inventive, responsible and progressive management style. The ethics and responsibilities toward environmental protection of the management and employees eventually stipulate and accelerate the growth and improvement of Inferno Company.
Inferno Roof Tiles is an invented roof tiles made from waste plastics and sand. This results in an eco-product which re-engineered waste into a new functional product. The gap between building construction and environmental friendly can be closer with the launching of Inferno roof tiles as a new building material for Malaysian construction. Inferno Company will work closely to the private construction sectors, as well as the government sector for the implementation of the Inferno roof tiles in their new and developing projects.
Inferno Company strives to compete with the current commercial roof tile companies and manufacturers and become the major supplier of green roof tiles in Malaysia followed by Asia and worldwide. This ambitious target is set once the company noticed about the increasing trend and demand in green building materials and tends in solving the environmental issues which is increasing in an alarming rate. The company is seeking for a moderate investment from investors with the intention to launch and start-up the business to provide building and constructions industry the best alternative and solution. Inferno Company is expected to achieve profitability within a year.Figure STYLEREF 1 s 1.
SEQ Figure * ARABIC s 1 1: Comparison chart for sales, gross margin and net profit in future 3 years.Company DescriptionInferno is a freshly established company which was formed to create a supreme quality green roof tile manufacturing brand aimed at the Malaysian market. The company was formed with an intention to have strong focus on the development of green technology and materials as well as the development of skills at the same time creating job opportunities. With this aspiration, the company seeks to infiltrate the Malaysian market with the blue ribbon recycled roof tile solutions distributed through few platforms, notably E-Commerce, direct supply in large quantities to construction companies (both private and government) and retailed stores such as hardware stores. There has been an increasing demand for roof tile in developing countries like Malaysia. However, commercial roof tiles nowadays are usually not environmental friendly and require greater energy to produce or manufacture. This has prompted the materials engineers to develop a greener roof tiles which can be manufacture or produce in a lower consumption energy and eventually reduce the burden of exploiting raw materials for production of roof tiles.The product is named Inferno Tiles.
It is made of a composite material which comprises recycled HDPE plastics and sand. Plastics are the major issues now and by using plastics as raw materials in the product can reduce the environmental impacts. The embodied energy in plastics allows the possibility of low energy consumption rate in manufacturing and hence lower cost is required to produce a piece of roof tile as compared to the commercial one which made from virgin materials. However, the performance of the roof tiles has been conforming and outstand the commercial ones. MissionInferno Company strives to be the dominant provider of supreme green roof tiles.
With this intention, strict quality control program, competitive pricing, timely response towards customers, after sale services and lean manufacturing will be implemented.VisionThe company not only strives to provide green roof tile but also other green building materials in future. Green building materials can provide a better and more environmental friendly construction. Eco-house which is environmental friendly will be the vision of the company.Team DescriptionInferno is a partnership, owned and operated by five materials engineers who had associated with the composite material projects for years and with the extensive research conducted as well as collaborations of the composite material projects ranging from biodegradable food packaging to building and constructions. Two of the materials engineers had experienced in invention of new materials specifically for buildings and constructions. Another three materials engineers had years of experiences in designing composite materials for multipurpose applications in diverse industries.
ProductOur product, Inferno roof tile is a green and affordable building construction material. Inferno roof tile are made from the combination of HDPE plastics and sand with a ratio of 7 to 3 respectively. Our company collects or buys the waste plastics from recycle centers and categorizes all the recycled plastics according to their recycle grades. After categorization, the HDPE plastic is heated to its melting point.
Then, sand is added into melted plastic and stirred by a mixer. The mixture will become a paste-like compound and it is poured into a roof tile mould to compress it to desired shape. Inferno plastic roof tile is formed after cooled. Unit Selling Points (USP)Recycling and re-engineering. Recycling is one of the effective ways to reduce the amount of plastic to be landfilled. Plastic bags used in this world per minute are 1,000,000 CITATION Our18 l 1033 (Our Product, 2017).
However, plastic takes more than 600 years to decomposeCITATION Our18 l 1033 (Our Product, 2017). Inferno roof tile utilizes the plastic wastes as one of the major materials. This case the waste plastics are re-engineered into a new functional product. Therefore, possibility of reduction in the waste plastic being landfilled or burned is greatly increased and accelerated.Environmental friendly.
The manufacturing process of Inferno roof tiles does not create waste because the process is reversible as the excess from trimming will be collected and reuse in the melting process. After all, the main ingredients for Inferno roof tiles are most industrial and commercial wastes. Long lifespan. The Inferno roof tile can last for at least 100 years because both plastic and sand does not decompose easily and it may have a lifespan of more than hundred years. This is a credit when this material is used for refurbishing and the maintenance of the historical buildings and important buildings which represent the culture and identity of certain countries or communities.Great performance in strength. Inferno roof tile is having superb performance in strength than commercial clay roof tile. During installation process, the Inferno tile will not easily break when impact exerts from a height while the commercial clay roof tile breaks in no time.
The reason behind this outstanding performance is Inferno roof tile has good impact absorption and good tensile strength compare to commercial clay roof tile which is a brittle material. Inferno roof tile can withstand the force more than human weight; this indicates that worker can step on it without the fear of breaking the roof tiles during installation.Water, weather and flame resistance.
Inferno tile is water resistance because plastic is having low water absorption properties. UV resistance of Inferno roof tiles are tested and proven to be effective when exposed under a hot weather in certain country especially those Asia country. The colours of Inferno tile will maintained under hot sun.
Inferno roof tile aids in prevention of the flame spread out along the roof.Soundproof. The noise can be reduced by Inferno tile during raining day. The impact of rain drop is absorbed as compare to a metal roof tile.Light weight. The Inferno roof tile has an average weight which is approximately 1.
3 kg which is 70% lighter weight compared to traditional roof tiles. The load applied by the roof tile to the framework of the roofing system can be reduced, thus the roofing system reinforcement during building construction can also be reduced. During installation, the worker can install it easily. Besides that, transportation cost can be saved as lighter weight of products consumes less petrol during transportation.Variety.
Inferno roof tile can be moulded into many shapes such as slate, roman, slate ridge and etc. It also comes in a wide range of colour choices and customization of colour choice by customer is also possible. 29094554686600Inferno Slate Roof TileWeight per piece 1.3 kgSize 300 × 600 mmThickness 25 mmHeadlap 75 mmInferno Ridge/Hip Cap for Slate Roof TileWeight per piece 1.3 kgSize 300 × 600 mmThickness 25 mmHeadlap 20 mm289757915437900Inferno Roman Roof TileWeight per piece 1.3 kgSize 330 × 420 mmWave height 40 mmHeadlap 50 mmInferno Ridge/Hip Cap for Roman Roof TileWeight per piece 1.3 kgSize 330 × 200 mmWave height 40 mmHeadlap 20 mmColour Available 1913861054160 00 3774470686273I103 Brilliant Red00I103 Brilliant Red2118360688975I102 Raza Red00I102 Raza Red276092675640I101 Orange00I101 Orange3733697112395I106 Brown00I106 Brown190337120015I104 Light Maroon00I104 Light Maroon2111375117475I105 Maroon00I105 Maroon377677323495I109 Black00I109 Black286385-635I107 Forest Green00I107 Forest Green19907252540I108 Moss00I108 Moss95003243271 00 1994535265430I111 Metallic Silver00I111 Metallic Silver3699510262890I112 Rich Gold00I112 Rich Gold308610265430I110 Pearl Silver00I110 Pearl Silver370279222786I115 Green00I115 Green200660024765I114 Deluxe Gold00I114 Deluxe Gold18986524765I113 Pale Gold00I113 Pale Gold109855177800I116 Blue00I116 Blue1791335161925I117 Turquoise Blue00I117 Turquoise Blue3492385165290I118 Permanent Green00I118 Permanent Green2325592555443The actual colour may differ slightly00The actual colour may differ slightly54511554355I119 Metallic Green00I119 Metallic Green Low cost. The major materials used are waste plastics and sand.
The material cost and energy consumption is much lower than virgin plastic. The maintenance and installation cost will be reduced because not easy to break as compare to clay tile and long lifespan of Inferno roof tile. The price of Inferno roof tile is RM 12 per square meter.
Table STYLEREF 1 s 3. SEQ Table * ARABIC s 1 1| The properties of Inferno Roof Tile. Material SpecificationsCompression resistance 14 MPa Temperature range -60°C to +80°CLifespan >100 yearsDensity 1103 kg/m2 Flame spread No flame spreadWater absorption 0.3%Fracture toughness 3.5 kgf/cm2Biological stability Moss and mold spread resistanceChemical stability No reaction with acidic and alkaline environmentUV-resistance Resistance to UV-radiation and colour will maintainHeat conductivity 2800 J/m2sIndustry AnalysisRoof Tile ManufacturingAccording to Department of Statistics Malaysia, the population in Malaysia is estimated at 32 million in 2017 CITATION Cur17 l 18441 (Current Population Estimates, Malaysia, 2016-2017, 2017).
With the growing of population, the number of households needed in the future will increase. The roof tiles industry is expected to increase in the future. The house owner will want to use the Inferno roof tiles which are cheaper and better strength and properties to replace the commercial roof tiles.PEST AnalysisPolitical Factors: Politics can be one of the risk factors to roof tile industry. Recently Malaysia had been formed a new government, thus they can change business rules that bring positively or negatively impact to roof tile industry. Malaysia government had made announcement to abolish Goods and Services Tax (GST) and implement Sales and Service Tax (SST) start from 1 September 2018.
Under GST, everyone need to be charged on the tax including supplier, manufacturer, whole seller and retailer CITATION Sal18 l 18441 (Sales and Service Tax (SST) in Malaysia, 2018). The range of taxable become lesser under SST can bring positively impact to Malaysian. Economic Factors: Malaysia economic growth rate was increased from 4.2% to 5.9% in 2016 and 2017 CITATION Mal18 l 18441 (Malaysia Economic Outlook, 2018).
The data showed that Malaysia current economy is in growing stage. More investments will come in to Malaysia to develop economic. Government is encouraging people to develop or create their own business.Social Factors: Entrepreneurial spirit has been encouraged and promoted in Malaysia to own businesses. The strong competitiveness atmosphere causes people hard to find job. Creativities and innovative is what a company looking for.
Inferno Company creates and design a new production line and product in Malaysia to survive in roof tile market. Technological Factors: Nowadays, new technologies and high efficiency machines are sought by industry. The machines that use in roof tile industry need to be designed for faster and higher speed and also ensure the quality of product to be excellent at the same time. The industry need to be performed efficiency and effective at the same time. Old machines or second hand machines have lower performance rate and speed compared to new machines.
Porter’s Five ForcesCompetitive Rivalry: There are lots of roof tile manufacturers in Malaysia and the market is considered quite competitive. Inferno Company also created as roof tile manufacturer but have unique and different with other competitors. Inferno Company is using HDPE to produce an eco-friendly roof tile. The strength and properties of this HDPE roof tiles is better than clay and cement roof tile. The competitive rivalry is minimal because there is no manufacturer produce this kind of roof tile in Malaysia. Hence, Inferno Company has tremendous strength and profits in the market. Supplier Power: The main raw material needed is the waste HDPE plastics and sand. There are quite a lot of waste plastic supplier can be found in Malaysia.
Waste plastics or HDPE plastics have no much in value and can buy it at cheaper price. Since there are many suppliers can be found, comparison on prices between different suppliers can be conducted and survey to get the most suitable supplier. Buyer Power: The potential buyers of Inferno roof tile are the private sector contractor and government sector contractor for residential construction and non-residential construction in Malaysia. Large amount of roof tiles are needed for one construction. The different between Inferno and other competitors is Inferno provide roof tile with better strength and lower price. This can help to reduce plastic waste as the raw material used is waste HDPE plastics. Nowadays, contractors and government are looking for beneficial and effective ways to reduce pollution and waste. Launching of Inferno roof tiles can accelerate this event.
Threat of Substitution: In roof tile industry, the requirements for roof tile are strict where a building and construction material must be safety and at the same time strength must be significant. It is not easy to invent a new material to substitute the roof tile. Hence, the industry will face lesser threat of substitution. Threat of New Entry: This roof tile business requires changing technologies to improve the process, huge capital investment is necessary.
Inferno Company faces threat from local and top roof tile manufacturers which they may also will develop this kind of roof tile in the future. To overcome this problem, partnerships and reputations are mandatory for Inferno Company which can help to secure the business in the market. Market AnalysisIn past few years, construction industry has a robust growth in Malaysia due to expansion of economics and development sectors. According to the Malaysia Country Report by Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia (CIDB), the collected data showed that the value of construction project awarded was recorded MYR 141.8 billion in 2015 increased to MYR 229 billion CITATION Cou17 l 18441 (Country Report Malaysia, 2017).
In term of both value and number of project private sector have occupy 77.8% (RM178.1 billion) and 74.3% (5,091 projects) versus government sector at 22.2%(RM50.9 billion) and 25.7% (1,764 projects) CITATION Cou17 l 18441 (Country Report Malaysia, 2017).
Table STYLEREF 1 s 5. SEQ Table * ARABIC s 1 1| Value of Construction Projects Awarded by Sector and Type of Project CITATION Cou17 l 18441 (Country Report Malaysia, 2017).Sector and type of Project Value (RM million)In year 2014 2015 2016 2017Total Private Sector 161,363.
78 117,127.32 178,143.68 34,311.
26Residential 34,781.71 51,097.83 39,075.50 11,265.92Non-Residential 91,973.
73 49,374.63 38,964.58 15,072.84Social Amenities 4,833.52 2,575.03 3,561.94 1,575.
82Infrastructure 29,774.82 14,079.83 96,541.66 6,396.68Total Government Sector 23,653.
56 24,724.12 50,882.08 6,045.07Residential 2,139.25 2,677.18 1,560.
38 909.06Non-Residential 3,925.24 4,049.74 3,546.58 681.61Social Amenities 3,343.55 2,940.88 5,110.
49 1,047.74Infrastructure 14,245.52 15,056.32 40,664.
63 3,406.66Grand Total 185,017.34 141,851.44 229,025.76 40,356.33Note: As at 30 June 2017 Source: CIDB MalaysiaThe tiles market has been greatly impacted by the growth in the construction industry in Malaysia. Nowadays, the amount of existing residential, commercial and government units increase continuously, this trend leads the market of replacement demand for tiles increase at the same time CITATION Ank18 l 18441 (Gupta, 2018).
With growing of urbanization, the number of households and buildings are predicted to increase and cause the raising in the demand of tiles. Table STYLEREF 1 s 5. SEQ Table * ARABIC s 1 2| Number of Construction Projects Awarded by Sector and Type of Project CITATION Cou17 l 18441 (Country Report Malaysia, 2017).Sector and type of Project NumberIn year 2014 2015 2016 2017Total Private Sector 6,276 5,643 5,091 1,645Residential 2,161 1,929 1,762 597Non-Residential 2,677 2,316 2,005 665Social Amenities 257 250 263 81Infrastructure 1,181 1,148 1,061 302Total Government Sector 1,800 1,901 1,764 488Residential 160 164 92 45Non-Residential 342 376 404 97Social Amenities 445 476 414 127Infrastructure 853 885 854 219Grand Total 8,076 7,544 6,855 2,133Note: As at 30 June 2017 Source: CIDB MalaysiaMarket SegmentationsIn regards to the distribution business, there are more than 2,000 construction related businesses annually in Malaysia. All these businesses could be the potential customers of Inferno roof tiles. Private and government sector contractor: Nowadays, people concerns about the environmental pollution.
By using Inferno roof tiles, it can promote the event and activities on recycling of plastic. This also can be a new and unique selling point of the construction project. Local businesses: The hardware store and roof tiles suppliers can look for new roof tiles to promote and sell to customers. This new design can grab the attention and curiosity of customer to know more information of this roof tile. The customers may buy the roof tiles for self-replacement in household.
Figure STYLEREF 1 s 5. SEQ Figure * ARABIC s 1 1: Market analysis in pie chart.Product and Business AnalysisThe primary competitive advantage and selling point of Inferno roof tile is the unique and invention of roof tile which uses waste plastics as ingredient. This invention is currently cannot be found in market. As compare the Inferno roof tiles with commercial cement and clay roof tile, there are some advantages over the other competitors. The addition of plastic to the roof tiles gives the roof tiles considerable durability and it is environmentally safe and does not emit harmful substance. Besides, the Inferno roof tiles do not absorb moisture easily, thus it can last for a longer time and easy to clean.
Another advantage is the price of Inferno roof tile which is cheaper than commercial clay and cement roof tile as the material cost and production cost are lower. According to a study in Science Magazine, Malaysia is the eighth worst country worldwide for plastic waste and Malaysia was estimated produced almost one million tonnes of mismanaged plastic waste CITATION Jen15 l 18441 (Jenna R. Jambeck, 2015).
As using waste plastic as main material to make this tile, the mismanaged plastic scenario can also be reduced.Competitor AnalysisIn current roof tile market in Malaysia, there are many roofing tiles manufacturers, distributors and wholesalers that provide clay and cement roof tiles on a regular basis. There are no manufacturers and distributors produce this type of recycled plastic roof tile in Malaysia like Inferno. Majority roof tile manufacturers are using clay or cement as raw materials in production of roof tile. However, there are some roof tile manufacturers in oversea had started the businesses of recycled plastic roof tile:Resintile (EA) Ltd (South Africa): The primary objective of this business is to reduce the contamination and pollution of the environment and at the same time provide a product that is safe, light and easy to install. This roof tiles are not only cheaper but also eco-friendly to environment.
Zhangjiagang Aicheng Machinery (China): China is the top country worst country for plastic waste which have around 8.82 million tonnes of mismanaged plastic waste (Jenna R. Jambeck, 2015). Thus, most of the company started to develop and manufacture product by using plastic waste. Zhangjiagang Aicheng Machinery has developed a recycled plastic roofing tile extrusion line. The industry produces PVC corrugated roof tile by extrusion.
Inferno Company creates a similar production line as the competitor to produce the recycled plastic roof tile. The production cost and material cost are lower because the production line and raw materials are readily available in Malaysia and no import fees are needed. Inferno roof tiles can supply to local market with lower price and may export to other countries in the future. Marketing PlanPrice As aforementioned, our main ingredients used to manufacture our product are waste HDPE plastics and sand as compare with the traditional roof tiles, which include clay or concrete, metal or plastic roofing material, our raw material cost is lower. The machines used to process Inferno roof tile are lesser and therefore lesser worker is required.
Thus, lots of time can be saved from there and a higher production rate can be achieved. As referring on above points, Inferno roof tiles can be launched in 15-21% lower price (which is 55% or above of our manufacturing cost) than the traditional clay or concrete roof tiles, thus able to earn a higher profit than traditional or commercial roof tiles. Promotion Our main company target group will be residential constructors (including private and government sector). As for our product market, there are some existing customer who joined in contractor associations such as Master Builders Association Malaysia (CIDB) and etc.
From there, application of community marketing and outbound marketing is possible to advertise Inferno Company to the potential customers. By open up a list of prospects of the market of new building material and been recognized and hopefully able to lead to word of mouth marketing. Outbound marketing includes direct and E-mail marketing to communicate with customer on their requirements and enquiries on Inferno products. Furthermore, the marketing strategy will be implied is affinity marketing to generates sales and creates new customers, at the same time, build brand awareness or B-to-B (business to business) marketing by supporting customers using a better material selection of our product. This case can be done by having partnerships with SP Setia, Eco-world, IOI properties and etc. Moreover, online marketing will be done through social media to advertise our product and target buyers who aimed at small quantity for renovation purpose or acknowledge to retailers of Inferno products.
Through Facebook or YouTube channels, such as Tech Insider, Science Channel and etc, to publish articles or contents to showcase Inferno Company’s knowledge and expertise on the products, meanwhile, educate potential customers and influence them without direct selling. Besides that, search engine such as Google, can be utilized by creating company website as this is one of the best way to be recognized as a start-up company. Thus, from the website, cross-media marketing is possible as provide information are provided through multiple channels and to contact or cooperate with Inferno Company or retail stores in no time. Another marketing strategy will be implemented is Ambush marketing.
This is done by participating contractor Expo and Technology Expo, which allows capitalization of Inferno products and leverage the brand equity of others business. Besides that, PR marketing will be fully utilized to build connection and trust between the customers as long-term cooperation can be achieved.Place (distribution)As a new start-up manufacturing company, customer source is found by own so our focus of customer will be private residential contractors followed by government contractors and renovation companies.
Cooperation with retail owners is another strategic approach on finding potential customers to distribute Inferno roof tiles. Then, connection with a few green building or huge contractor company operation shall be made, which needed bulk consumption and construction amount to sell the product directly to them. Shipping logistic is then a necessary to transport Inferno products to clients. At current stage, East Malaysia is Inferno Company’s primary target. As the company expands, west Malaysia and ASEAN then worldwide will be the next targets.
Product Inferno roof tile is a composite comprises of plastics and sand. As compared with the existence concrete in current market, Inferno product is more feasibility to customize the shape upon customer request since Inferno roof tiles does not limit to the traditional model design. Besides that, most of the current building materials worldwide used are concrete-based, i.e.
clay or concrete tiles which are quite brittle, Inferno roof tiles have great impact absorption which also indicates that a safe transportation is guaranteed. Inferno roof tiles are also readily available in a wide variation of colours. Furthermore, corrosion like metal roof tiles is no longer a concern for Inferno roof tiles. Therefore, Inferno products are not only able to achieved the basic requirements but also earn some extra credits which current market demands. Financial PlanFunding requirementsBased on the forecast made (refer to tables below), confidently mentioned that investing to Inferno Company is a reliable investment and sound business since profit will be made in a few-year-time.
In order to progress, an investment of about RM100000 is mandatory by Aug 2018. The start-up fund will be useful in the procurement of equipment and initial operating expenses. Payback strategyIn the future years, this investment can be gained by a dividend of excess profit. The profits earned by the sales revenue will generate a lot of extra fund which can payback the investment and in addition 10% interest which is about RM10000 from the amount of investment can be guaranteed.Important AssumptionsThe financial projections for Inferno Roof Tile are based on the following assumptions. These assumptions are thought to be quite conservative and accurate as well as the financial forecasts.
Table STYLEREF 1 s 7. SEQ Table * ARABIC s 1 1 | General assumptions.General Assumptions Year 1 Year 2 Year 3Plan Month 1 2 3Current Interest Rate 10.00% 10.00% 10.00%Long-term Interest Rate 10.00% 10.00% 10.
00%Tax Rate 25.42% 25.00% 25.00%Other 0 0 0Break-even analysis Figure STYLEREF 1 s 7. SEQ Figure * ARABIC s 1 1: Break Even Analysis chart.Table STYLEREF 1 s 7.
SEQ Table * ARABIC s 1 2| Table for break even analysis.Break-Even Analysis (RM)Monthly Unit Break-even 303Monthly Revenue Break-even 8547Monthly Variable Cost 257.55Assumptions: Average Per-Unit Revenue 28.
20Average Per-Unit Variable Cost 0.85Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost 8289.45Projected Profit and LossThe tables and the charts below show the income expenses monthly for first year and annually for the next two years.Table STYLEREF 1 s 7.
SEQ Table * ARABIC s 1 3 | Profit and LossInferno Profit and loss Year Year 1 Year 2 Year 3Sales 65250 185668 299456Direct Cost of Sales 4682 5228 5450Other 0 0 0Total Cost of Sales 4682 5228 5450Gross Margin 60568 180440 294006Gross Margin % 92.82% 97.18% 98.18%Expenses Payroll 25458 35878 48546Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses 900 1200 1600Depreciation 2600 2600 2600Leased Equipment 0 0 0Utilities 3500 3700 3900Insurance 1500 1500 1500Rent 6000 7000 8000Payroll Taxes (25%) 6471 8970 12137Worker Salaries 5000 7000 9000Other 0 0 0Total Operating Expenses 51429 67848 87283Profit Before Interest and Taxes 9139 112592 206723EBITA 9139 112592 206723Interest Expenses 0 0 0Taxes Incurred (25%) 0 28148 51681Net Profit 9139 84444 155042Net Profit/Sales 14.00% 45.48% 51.
77%Profit MonthlyFigure STYLEREF 1 s 7. SEQ Figure * ARABIC s 1 2: Projected monthly profit.Profit YearlyFigure STYLEREF 1 s 7. SEQ Figure * ARABIC s 1 3: Projected yearly profit.Gross Margin MonthlyFigure STYLEREF 1 s 7. SEQ Figure * ARABIC s 1 4: Expected gross margin monthly.Gross Margin YearlyFigure STYLEREF 1 s 7.
SEQ Figure * ARABIC s 1 5: Expected gross margin yearly. Projected Cash FlowTable STYLEREF 1 s 7. SEQ Table * ARABIC s 1 4 | Yearly Cash flowInferno Cash Flow Year Year 1 Year 2 Year 3Cash Received (RM) i) Cash from Operations Cash sales 116500 157486 175469Cash from receivable 51050 62530 70152Subtotal Cash from Operations 167550 220016 245981ii) Additional Cash Received Sales Tax/VAT, HST/GST Received 0 0 0New Current Borrowing 0 0 0New Other liabilities (interest-free) 0 0 0New Long-term liabilities 0 0 0Sales of other current assets 0 0 0Sales of long term assets 0 0 0New Investment Received 10000 0 0Subtotal Cash Received 177550 220016 245981Year (RM) Expenditures Expenditures from Operations Cash Spending 40193 95976 110452Bill Payments 25400 90045 90124Subtotal spent on Operations 65593 186021 200576ii) Additional Cash Received Sales Tax,VAT, HST/GST Paid out 2000 0 0Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing 0 0 0Other Liabilities Principal Repayment 0 0 0Long-term liabilities Principal Repayment 0 0 0Purchase other current assets for company used 36000 0 0Purchase long-term assets for company used 10000 0 0Dividends 40000 0 0Subtotal cash spent 151593 87021 200576Net Cash Flow 25957 33995 45405Cash Balance 45957 79952 125327The table above shows the projected cash flow for the inferno company whether it will meet the projected sales, estimations are done for after 6 months of operation, Inferno Company will have positive cash flow. The chart for cash flow is shown below:Cash FlowFigure STYLEREF 1 s 7. SEQ Figure * ARABIC s 1 6: Cash flow chart.Projected Balance SheetInferno Roof tiles balance sheet illustrate a healthy financial position for this new company.
The monthly balance sheet was also estimated as shown on the table. Table STYLEREF 1 s 7. SEQ Table * ARABIC s 1 5| Projected balance sheet.Inferno Balance Sheet Year 1 Year 2 Year 3i)Assets Current Assets Cash 13997 25640 38690Accounts Receivable 30500 40500 50500Other current assets 7000 7000 7000Total current assets 51497 73140 96190Long-Term Assets Long-Term Assets 15000 20000 25000AccumulatedDepreciation 0 0 0Total long -term assets 15000 20000 25000Total Assets 66497 93140 121190ii) Liabilities and capital Current liabilities Account Payable 14565 18000 20000Current Borrowing 0 0 0Other current liabilities 0 0 0Subtotal current liabilities 14565 18000 20000Long-term liabilities 0 0 0Total liabilities 14565 18000 20000Paid in capital 60000 60000 60000Retained earning (25000) (30000) (35000)Earning (15962) 47456 70000Total Capital 19038 77456 95000Total liabilities and capital 33603 95456 115000Net Worth 19038 77456 95000Bibliography BIBLIOGRAPHY (2017). Country Report Malaysia.
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Retrieved from Creamer Media’s Engineering News: http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/sustainable-roof-tile-set-to-revolutionise-market-2016-07-08AppendixAppendix Table 1: General Assumption General Assumptions Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sept Oct Nov DisPlan Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12Current Interest Rate (%) 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00Long-term interest rate (%) 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00Tax rate (%) 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Appendix table 2: Inferno Company Cash FlowMonth (RM) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sept Oct Nov DisCash Received i) Cash from Operations Cash sales 6000 10000 5000 7500 10000 10000 12000 10000 10000 10000 12000 14000Cash from receivable 0 150 3200 3700 5000 6000 8000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000Subtotal Cash from Operations 6000 10150 8200 11200 15000 16000 20000 15000 15000 15000 17000 19000ii) Additional Cash Received Sales Tax/VAT, HST/GST Received 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0New Current Borrowing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0New Other liabilities (interest-free) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0New Long-term liabilities 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Sales of other current assets 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Sales of long term assets 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0New Investment Received 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10000 0 0 0 0Subtotal Cash Received 6000 10150 8200 11200 15000 16000 20000 25000 15000 15000 17000 19000Month (RM) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sept Oct Nov DisExpenditures Expenditures from Operations Cash Spending 2070 3450 1725 2588 3450 3450 4140 3450 3450 3450 4140 4830Bill Payments 2000 2000 2000 2100 2100 2200 2200 2300 2300 2100 2100 2000Subtotal spent on Operations 4070 5450 3725 4688 5550 5650 6340 5750 5750 5550 6240 6830ii) Additional Cash Received Sales Tax,VAT, HST/GST Paid out 0 0 0 0 0 2000 0 0 0 0 0 0Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Other Liabilities Principal Repayment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Long-term liabilities Principal Repayment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Purchase other current assets for company used 0 6000 0 0 0 10000 0 20000 0 0 0 0Purchase long-term assets for company used 0 0 10000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Dividends 0 0 0 20000 0 0 0 0 20000 0 0 0Subtotal cash spent 4070 11450 13725 24688 5550 17650 6340 25750 25750 5550 6240 6830Net Cash Flow 1930 (1300) (5525) (13448) 9450 (1650) 13660 (750) 9250 9450 10760 12170Cash Balance 21930 20630 15105 1657 11107 9457 23117 22367 31617 41067 51827 63997Appendix Table 3: Balance Sheeti)Assets StartingBalance Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sept Oct Nov DisCurrent Assets Cash 20000 21930 20630 15105 1657 11107 9457 23117 22367 31617 21067 21827 13997Accounts Receivable 0 3800 11500 15550 18500 25000 30500 30500 30500 30500 30500 30500 30500Other current assets 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000Total current assets 27000 32730 39130 37655 27157 43107 46957 65117 59687 69117 58567 59327 51497Long-Term Assets Long-Term Assets 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15000 15000 15000 15000 15000AccumulatedDepreciation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Total long -term assets 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15000 15000 15000 15000 15000Total Assets 27000 32730 39130 37655 27157 43107 46957 65117 74687 84117 73657 74327 66497ii) Liabilities and capital StartingBalance Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sept Oct Nov DisCurrent liabilities Account Payable 1200 7400 9856 9856 12115 14565 14565 14565 14565 14565 14565 14565 14565Current Borrowing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Other current liabilities 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Subtotal current liabilities 1200 7400 9856 9856 12115 14565 14565 14565 14565 14565 14565 14565 14565Long-term liabilities 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Total liabilities 1200 7400 9856 9856 12115 14565 14565 14565 14565 14565 14565 14565 14565Paid in capital 50000 50000 50000 55000 55000 55000 60000 60000 60000 60000 60000 60000 60000Retained earning (25000) (25000) (25000) (25000) (25000) (25000) (25000) (25000) (25000) (25000) (25000) (25000) (25000)Earning 0 (4655) (9875) (10100) (12167) (13958) (14168) (14527) (14883) (14923) (15158) (15589) (15962)Total Capital 25000 20345 15124 19900 17833 16042 20832 20473 20117 20077 19842 19411 19038Total liabilities and capital 27000 32730 39130 37655 27157 43107 46957 65117 74687 84117 73657 74327 66497Net Worth 25000 20345 15124 19900 17833 16042 20832 20473 20117 20077 19842 19411 19038Appendix Table 4: Profit and lossMonth (RM) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sept Oct Nov DisSales 3500 4047 4246 4576 5520 5760 5824 6250 6381 6381 6382 6383Direct cost of sales 162 256 284 350 374 410 413 435 445 517 518 518Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Total cost of sales 162 256 284 350 374 410 413 435 445 517 518 518Expenses Payroll 1500 1542 1674 1750 1846 1950 2125 2560 2584 2596 2614 2717Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75Depreciation 217 217 217 217 217 217 217 217 217 217 217 217Leased equipment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Utilities 292 292 292 292 292 292 292 292 292 292 292 292Insurance 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125Rent 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500Payroll Taxes (25%) 375 386 419 438 462 488 531 640 646 649 654 679Worker Salaries 417 417 417 417 417 417 417 417 417 417 417 417Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Total Operating Expenses 3501 3554 3719 3814 3934 4064 4282 4826 4856 4871 4894 5022Profit Before Interest and Taxes (4502) (3250) (1876) (1876) 2654 3200 4501 5129 5320 5760 6250 7252EBITA (925) (650) (352) (118) 562 652 782 940 1080 1740 1884 3953Interest Expenses 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Taxes Incurred (1126) (813) (469) (469) 664 800 1125 1282 1330 1440 1563 1813Net Profit (3376) (2707) (1407) (1407) 1990 2400 3376 3847 3990 4320 4687 5439Net Profit/Sales -96.45 -66.89 -33.13 -30.47 36.05 41.67 57.97 61.55 62.53 67.70 73.44 85.21
