In the eighteenth century Great Britain was supplied withmany resources such as coal and iron.
The abundance of the resource gaveBritain an advantage over other areas. There was a transition of manual laborduring the Agricultural Revolution to labor automation. Through Adam Smith andthe growth of capitalism and privatization industrialization was enabled togrow. This growth was also caused by the English Revolution and the Bill ofRights. Although Europe lagged behind Britain in industrialization,Britain was the center point of the industrialization during the 18thand 19th century. Britain’s dominance was due to the greater accessof transportation through cheaper resources, new technological innovationsthrough greater knowledge of civil and mechanical engineering, and greatereconomic freedom through Parliament greater contribution to protect individuals economically.
In the eighteenth century there wasan expansion of transportation. More efficient ways of transporting goods andresources were developed. New and moreefficient mode of that was created. An example could include the first steam locomotive on anindustrial rail line. Thereason for this development is because the beginnings of railroad line duringthe mining operations during he 1500s. The development of the railroadduring the Industrial Revolution helped expand British supremacy in civil andmechanical engineering.
Areason that Britain dominate with transportation is because of the moreefficient use of iron. As the demand of iron increased; the ability to producecheaper transportation increase trade also increased. As transportationbecame more prevalent, new companies and populations began to spread todifferent areas.
As the knowledge of civil andmechanical engineering expanded new technological innovations began to arise. The Cotton Industry wasthe first modern industry of the eighteenth century. The steam engine played asignificant role in the domination of Britain. The innovation steam engine wasneeded to eliminate seepage from the coal mines. The reason this innovation succeeded was becauseBritain had abundant amounts of coal. Different innovations were also derived fromthe original idea of the steam engine. One could include the steam engine produced by JamesWatt, which included a condenser and steam pump. The development of the steamengine enabled cotton to be produce and faster and cheaper rates.
This technological innovationmade cotton Britain’s cotton the cheapest in the world. Another reason Britain dominated theindustrial revolution is because of greater economic opportunity. Great Britainhad enabled the population greater movement in the economy through the idea offreedom for enterprises. With fewer economic restrictions compared to othercountries, Britain was able to develop. Women were also given greater economicopportunity through reform movements that advocated for more women in the workforce.The Industrial Revolution in Great Britain also causedurbanization.
In the nineteenth century due to the increase inindustrialization there was a complication in living standard in the city. Theindustrial city was filled with filth from poor sanitary conditions and streetsthat acted as sewers and open drains. These examples of poor city conditionscaused the population to migrate to the suburbs; this migration created thegrowth of the middle class. The poor working conditions also gave rise toreforms. An example of these reforms can include the Public Health Act thatdemanded modern sanitary reforms.
