In of Interviewee’s Story My Boss in the

In this paper, I will be using information from the interview and references from Part A of the assignment to reflect on the interviewee’s work or employment experiences based on concepts and empirical trends of employment security, employment status and what employers/organization want from employees, referring to skills and occupation. In this paper there were questions that arise when researching journal articles on skills and occupation, and security of employment, which was, was my interviewee’s experience typical? Was my interviewee’s experience what I expected? and did my interviewee’s experience lead me to understand module 3 and 5 better? Summary of Interviewee’s Story My Boss in the interview explained his experience of meaning of work which that My Boss finds work addictive as he uses to work as a sales agent in Real Estate there were a lot of competition to see who can sell more houses, see who gets promoted first and who earns more money every year, so he enjoys work. When My Boss was looking for a new job, he took an interest in Real Estate Sales Agent, he explained that to be a Sales Agent you need these skills, fast thinking, problem solving, desire to provide outstanding service to all clients, highly organised and high attention to detail, knowledgeable with various computer software programs etc. Which explains the theme of skills and occupation by the effects of changing occupation which both are “white collar” occupation and demonstrating knowledge of soft skills, hard skills, technical skills and enterprise skills. The importance of employee voice it’s to establish, maintain and integrate employee’s voice within the workplace and employee voice is often a key element of increasing organizational performance, higher employee satisfaction and subordinate relationships. My Boss was JUST a Sales Agent, imagine a hierarchy of working in Real Estate, My Boss was on the bottom, meaning that he had no voice and no opinion in any matter and also at the time all real estate agents was discriminated towards as Real Estate Agent’s ego were out of control, con artist, dishonest to clients and was underquoting clients.

My Boss wanted this to change so My Boss discuss these issues to his union. My Boss started out as a part-time accountant earning appropriately $42,140 per year when he noticed other workers exiting the business he knew that his job was not secured so My Boss left and relocated into a full-time Sales Agent appropriately earning $47,880 per year, demonstrating the theme of employment security and occupation, ones guarantee that the employee will keep their job without any discomfort of knowing that they will eventually be unemployed and when comparing the two “white collar” occupation My Boss benefited from the change in occupations and over the years working My Boss has a secured job as his employment status changed from full-time to permanent and received a promotion from sales agent to real estate manager as he’s a loyal and experience employee.Employment Security and Employment StatusJob security is the guarantee that the employee can and will keep their job without any discomfort of knowing that they will eventually be unemployed, the individual worker can have a sense of security where if a job you know has a high level of job security the person with that job has a small chance of unemployment. There are different types of employment status there are casual, temporary, contract, permanent, fixed-term, etc. It’s important for workers to know their sense of security, regularity of income and working hours etc. During the interview with My Boss he stated that he completed university in business and he achieved a job as a full-time accountant with that status, full-time means by the Fair Work Ombudsman that My Boss will work on average 38 hours per week or more, but the hours are negotiated between the employer and the employee or set by an award or registered agreement. When My Boss worked as an accountant in the interview he described his compensation and benefits, that was the glory of being a full-time accountant, they were base salary rate commensurate with experience, $300,000 retirement savings plan and receiving medical and life insurance. During the interview, My Boss explained to me that it was an unreal moment for him to read and hear all of these compensation and benefits of his brand-new career.

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Back in the 1970s, My Boss said that accountants were in high demand and as My Boss had all the certification and meets all criteria for his job he thought that he was secured, he wasn’t expecting to get fired or change status. My Boss during the interview explained that when he was an accountant he knew that his job was secured, he explained a few signs that he knew that his job was secured, which are when you are regularly being ask for assists and input on a particular task or project, managers rely on you, this is where your skills in the industry proves that you are invaluable and another sign that your job is secured is you’re getting a promotion. While studying employment status and security and reviewing journal articles there are a few signs stated by the journal article that states that your job might not be secured, and the signs are, if you receive a poor performance review or you’re in a meeting with your boss relating to your poor performance review, rumours within the workplace, the benefits will reduce or completely disappear, the expenses are being scrutinized and lack of communication between employee and employer. My Boss has experienced a few of these signs, he notices that the business wasn’t performing as well, and he notice that some of his colleagues was exiting the business and being let go by the boss, at that moment in time he knew that his job was insecure and was in risk of unemployment, but My Boss had no choice but to give his boss a 30-day notice and he was on the hunt for another job. My Boss’s accounting expertise, a good eye for detail and problem-solving skills landed him a job as a part-time real estate sales agent. The difference between a full-time status compared to a part-time status is the number of hours actually working and the regular or irregular hours each year. In the year 1997, My Boss’s employment status has changed from a part-time real estate sales agent to a permanent real estate agent, permanent employment status gives more guaranteed hours of work and regular hours, receives entitlements like paid sick and/or annual leave and being permanent your job is very secure until either the employer or employee ends the relationship. The interviewee’s experience in changes of security of employment and changes in employment statues is somewhat typical, dare to say the interviewee was very lucky in his 45 years of employment security, I would have expected my interviewee’s experience to be worst due to the evidence and reading from the articles, comparing my interviewee’s experience to the concepts and evidences I have a better understanding of what is security of employment, employment statues and signs that either your job is secure or not.

What people/organisations want, occupations ; skillsThe meaning of skills is the ability to perform any task well and with some expertise and with determined results often within a given period of time, energy or either both. There are different types of skills, enterprise skills, technical skills, soft skills and hard skills, skills which attracts employers. My Boss explained in the interview that he changed occupation and skills from an accountant to a real estate sales agent which both are “white collar” occupations. My Boss explained what skills accountant needs during his time working as an accountant, they are able to organize, time management, adaptability, communication, openness and leadership, those particular skills are called “enterprise skills” or “technical skills”. Enterprise skills are skills that are required in many occupations, to possess this skill you need to be able to problem solve, communicate, competences in literacy, financial literacy and critical thinking. Technical skills are very specific to a task, role or industry, technical skills include qualification such as licences, certification and or degree which My Boss have. My Boss learnt “soft skills” when he was an accountant, soft skills are a combination of people skills, social skills, communication skills, social intelligence, emotional intelligence etc.

Soft skill is a desired quality and knowledge to have in the workplace and to employers. At the time that’s what his employer wanted in a potential accountant, it was important to have all the qualities that was listed above. But unfortunately, My Boss left the accounting job and relocated into real estate which the skills required to be a real estate sales agent is quite different.

The skills needed to be a real estate agent is to be able to think fast, problem solve, perfectly presented, need to have brilliant verbal and written communication skill, ability and desire to provide outstanding service to all clients, highly organised and high attention to detail, knowledgeable with various computer software programs. Which the level of competencies from accountant to real estate agent is different the skill type is called “hard skills”, hard skills are competencies that employees should have such as numeracy, literacy and specific job-related technical abilities which are operating machinery, creating spreadsheets etc. The concepts and evidences during my research of skills employers want is employers want positive attitude, communication, teamwork, self-management, willingness to learn, problem solving, decision making and resilience, relatively easy skills to measure so to technically label the specific skills they are “hard skills” and “enterprise skills”, that is generally all the skills that employers are seeking for in an employee. At the time for My Boss changing occupation was difficult as in the 1970s accountant’s average salary was $42,140 per year and during the 1980s My Boss found a job as a real estate agent and the average salary was $47,880 per year so he actually benefited from leaving his old occupation and going into a new occupation. In my research there are a few advantages and disadvantages of career change, as explained above how my interviewee experienced a career change he actually benefited from that change but there are a few disadvantages of career changing by first the advantages are, you’ll be more likely to engage in your new career has you have a high level of interest in it and it allows you to use your specific set of skills, changing your career can assist you gaining expertise in many new areas and that can help you become more desirable to employers for any job opportunities in the future and working in a unfamiliar industry can give you an opportunity to bond with a whole different crowd of people and expand your career network. Now for the disadvantages of career change, is due to so many career opportunities available you’ll be tempted to change job roles too frequently.

This has a negative effect in the long-term as employers may be concern that you won’t stay in your new role for very long. When you change career, you need to start from the bottom and need to be ready to face that getting promoted or moving up the career ladder within your new industry it will take longer than it would if you stayed in your original career.When comparing my interviewee’s experience with the main concepts and trends of work and employment it is evident that my interviewee’s behaviour and actions towards changes in skills and occupations is typical and forward thinking, when comparing my interviewee’s experience to journal articles I asked myself, was my interviewee’s experience what I expected and the answer is yes as any person would of done what my interviewee did and that was exit the failing business and find another job. Overall, when reviewing weeks 2-7 content and comparing my interviewee’s experiences I understand the concepts and trends of work and employment.

In cover every aspect this topic entails and

In this paper, we will be discussing the alternative roles of a Monarch and a President. The reason for choosing this particular topic was that it takes into account the distinctive nature of the Head of States in various parts of the world. Some countries are ruled by the Monarch while the others are governed and administered by the President or Republic, whereby elected representatives hold the public offices and possess supreme power over all the others legislative policies, hold certain executive powers and might as well have control over certain judicial functions. An example of which could be United States of America that is ruled by the Presidential system.

On the contrary, Saudi Arabia is an example of a country that is ruled by a Monarchy. In spite of the fact that individuals realize that they are different and distinctive, just a couple can tell precisely as to how and why they are different. For that reason, we are going to look into this matter by analyzing the differences through the spheres of power structures, tenure and legislation. We will try to cover every aspect this topic entails and analyze it to the best of our abilities.Although, a Monarchy and a President are both regarded as forms of government as well as political systems, the two, they for the most part have a tendency to differ.

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The first difference one could talk about is the power that they possess in terms of the political base and political structure. A monarchy is a form of government whereby citizens are ruled by a king, who often claims to hold absolute power by the Divine Right or in other words, the Will of God whereas in a presidential system the government is elected by the general public through the process of voting and fair elections. In countries like, Thailand, for instance, the king is regarded as the Head of State, who is enthroned in a position of reverence, is respected by all and cannot be violated or defied. No one can expose the King to any sort of accusation or other royalties for that matter. On the other hand, Presidents, the chief executive and the ceremonial Head of State, can be chosen either directly by the people or indirectly by representatives of those elected by the people. When the president is elected indirectly, then we can call the regime a parliamentary republic.

Indirectly elected presidents are selected by an electoral college. For example, in Hungary, the President is elected by members of the House of Parliament, and the National Assembly. However, the President of the United States or any other country for that matter would be likely to be impeached, followed by a trial, and, upon conviction of bribery, treason or committing other higher alleged crimes or misdemeanors, could be removed from the office legally; and would afterwards face the consequences and would then be liable to prosecution and punishment in the ordinary course of law.

(Cole, J.P; Garvey, T.)The second difference, which lies in these particular political systems, is the time period that they last to rule over their subjects. In a Monarchy, the crown is hereditary, the concept of Divine Rule that is the royal and political legitimacy is articulated here and the fact that it is passed down from one generation to another, whereas in a Presidential system, citizens of the country vote their representatives democratically through free and fair elections.

In addition to that, a Monarchy allows for a life time rule through the passing of the crown down the family line contrary to a President, where government representatives are allowed to serve for a stipulated duration of time (term) for four to five years after which elections are held again. ( Rispa Akello) Another difference that lies ahead is that of the legislation. A Monarch has the power to make, amend and repeal laws or bills. He might have advisors but it is still the King that interprets and implements a certain rule of law. However, it is not the same for the President. The President cannot enforce the laws or propose the bills, but he can veto it and prevent its adoption. The power lays with the Monarch for instance, in Saudi Arabia, the king drafts out the law and order based on Islamic Shariah, he decides on behalf of the citizen’s but with the President, the power to make laws lies with the Senate or the Parliament.Over time, there has been a shift from monarchies to republics and, within republics, from parliamentary republics to semi-presidential and presidential regimes (Elgie, 2012).

One of the foremost exceptional frameworks found by the people is the organization of the human society. This particular notion has its foundations within the Darwinian hypotheses of the origin and evolution of the species that likewise embody and encapsulates individuals and along these lines the evolution of the society as well (Claeys, Gregory 2000). The mere idea of man being a “social animal” tends to look at the humans as creatures that are highly dominated by the conception of animal impulses and desires, while also intrigued and inclined to create societies and live sociably. The development and the evolution of these societies, with all the scholarly conducts as well, merges at a definitive motivation behind fulfilling and satisfying certain desires, albeit at another level. In the primitive time period, humans were considered to be the hunter gathers or scavengers but as soon as they understood and comprehended the surroundings around them they sought out in search for places to settle down. As time passed by, they realized the complexity and multifaceted nature of the world. That is how the representing framework has come into existence, however in the arrangement of the system being produced which one was more appropriate for humanity to have? A Monarch or a President? With this in mind, we realize that with the development of the society rose factions often associated or connected with the Monarchy. In this particular political system, a single ruler is the king.

He deals with every one of the undertakings of the nation from religion to social order to education. The positive aspect of this is that the decisions are made swiftly since it does not go through the experience of different branches of the administration unlike the presidential system and the power to propose laws lies with the single entity. However, due to growing gap between the subjects and the rulers and the issue of pride and hereditary rule, people revolted against the monarch and then emerged the concept of “democratic” form of government where the President ruled over the general population. The positive aspect of this side is that it gives significance to “equality”. It opens doors to equal opportunity for work and training, education and other social interactions and cooperation amongst the general population in the society is valued and appreciated.

However, due to the establishment of different branches and the separation of powers, the decision making process is quite slow therefore the odds of corruption and defilement are high and clashes between various departments arise. The Monarchy has lately been on the wane, in amidst of it emerged the constitutional monarchy whereby the ruler sits back and a prime minister or head administrator runs the affairs of the nation. The Monarch has to stay neutral in other words they are apolitical. However, it is still a throwback to this era, which implies that it is viewed as an elitist family in a position of privileged achievement and success that they did not work to procure. For this matter, we believe that a presidential form of government would help counter all the problems that exist with the existence of the monarchy and absolute power.

The President has been granted certain powers such as negotiating and signing treaties with foreign countries rather foreign diplomats with the consent of the Congress and has the power to veto laws as well. In addition to that, they also have the power to appoint ambassadors, the cabinet and federal judges. For instance, USA’s President George H.W. Bush nominated Clarence Thomas for the Supreme Court. Other constitutional powers include them to command the military, i.e. to commit troops as the Commander in Chief of all American military forces; the naval force, the army, and the air force.

Alongside certain formal powers, the US president has multiple informal powers, powers which are not often enumerated in the Constitution, which by and large, in general may lead to his advantage when compared with constitutional monarchy. The President has the ability or rather the advantage of passing and carrying out official executive orders, makes executive agreements or in other words has an executive privilege, plans and devises agendas, sends out troops to protect the national interests without the declaration of war, as a crisis manager, and has an access to media or bully pulpit.To conclude, which type of government is better than the other, in my opinion, the presidential system outweighs the monarchical form of government. Different countries aspire into different forms of governance based on their political values which are additionally in light of certain democratic grounds so as to obtain national security, peace and prosperity within a nation.

For instance, USA is an exceptionally stable Presidential democracy where power is shared at the federal level between the President (the executive body), the Congress (the legislative body) and the Supreme Court (the judicial body).REFERENCESCole, J.P.; Garvey, T. (October 29, 2015). “Impeachment and Removal” (PDF). Federation of American Scientists.

Congressional Research Service. pp. 15โ€“16. Retrieved 22 September 2016.Joseph Story, II COMMENTARIES ON THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES ยง790 (1833)Rispa Akello, giantscholar.

com/similarities-and-differences-between-democracy-and-monarchyElgie, Robert (2012), “The President of Ireland in Comparative Perspective”. Irish Political Studies, 27:4, 502-521. Claeys, Gregory (2000).

“The ‘Survival of the Fittest’ and the Origins of Social Darwinism”. Journal of the History of Ideas. 61 (2): 223โ€“40. doi:10.1353/jhi.2000.0014

In an external developed archive set is introduced

In this paper, we propose a hybrid developed ant colony (HDAC) optimization for solving the multi-objective integer partial flexible open shop scheduling problem. In the hybrid algorithm, every nourishment sources is given by two vectors, i.e., the machine task vector and the operation scheduling vector. The developed ant is divided into three groups, namely, employed ants, onlookers, and scouts ants. Furthermore, an external developed archive set is introduced to record non-dominated solutions found so far. To balance the exploration and exploitation capability of the algorithm, the scout ants in the hybrid algorithm are divided into two parts.

The scout ants in single part perform arbitrarily look in the predefined area while each scout ant in another part randomly choose one non-dominated solution from the developed archive set. Experimental results on the notable benchmark instances and comparisons with other recently demonstrated algorithms show the proficiency and effectiveness Of the proposed algorithm.

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