Nowadays, Injection drugs becomes vulnerable gateway to the infectious disease such as Human Immunodeficiency virus(HIV) and Hepatitis Virus HCV and many more blood-borne disorders (Gerberding JL,1994). Preventing hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in people who inject drugs (PWID) is a tremendous public health challenge, such as cirrhosis of the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as its high prevalence, long latent period and high probability of long-term carriage and infectiousness. People who shared the injection equipment’s one by one that becomes the reason of blood-borne disease. There are 16 million people all around the world who inject drugs(PWID) and in some areas 90% have probability of HCV infection (Hagan H, Pouget ER, Des Jarlais DC, Lelutiu-Weinberger C,2008). Some people who inject illicit drugs once in their life that comes in the part of PWID. In this group both part of population involves who inject drug in the past and now stopped, and that people who are currently injectors. Among these both types of people, some part getting opioid substitution therapy (OST) for opioid dependence also exists, some of whom may continue to inject drugs (Larney, J Grebely, 2015). To control this situation, globally in the rural and urban areas, Needle Syringe Programs have been executed to control the infection of HCV.
In these programs they tried to reduce the risk of infection of influenced virus transmission (Palmateer N, Rhodes T,2010). They try to provide sterile needle and syringes through pharmacies for the drug users at low level of cost or no cost in terms of people do not use same needles to inject illicit drugs (Anderson E, Gans J,1999). In many countries, the government have been started to distribute the needles and syringes on the pharmacies for decades with optimistic results among PWID. In New Zealand, through the 170 public pharmacies, needles and syringes have been distributed and prevent the people from the spread of blood-borne disease (Sheridan J, Henderson,2005). In Switzerland, the NSP started by 1990 and after that people gesture this law and some studies showed that in that era, the people who started to inject drugs, the strength possibility of the population of transmission blood borne disease going down (Valleroy LA, Weinstein,1995).
The result showed by the surveys also supports NSP’s that these programs helped as structural-level involvement to decrease the infection and operational of NSP for control and dealing with HCV infection.
