RESULT AND DISCUSSIONThe aim of the study was to know the different reasons behind starting smoking and continuing smoking amongst the age group of 18-25 years. Demographic information of participants gender, age, education and smoking status are described in table 1. Table 1. Demographic information Frequency Percentage (%)Gender: Male Female 3238 45.7154.28Age: 18 to 20 years 21 to 23 years Above 24 322810 45.714014.
28Education: Undergraduate Postgraduate Diploma Others 4623-01 65.7132.851.42Smoking status Non-smoker Smoker Male smoker Female smoker 41291514 58.5741.
4251.7248.27Tried smoking Never smoked Once or twice 3011 73.1726.82In the present study 32 (45.
71%) were males and 38 (54.28%) were females. Table 1 also shows the distribution of the respondents in different age groups: 32(45.71%) belong to the age group of 18-20 years, 28(40%) belong to the age group of 21-23 years and 10 (14.28%) reported above 24 years of age.
Maximum of the respondents were undergraduate. According to the data analysis most of the respondents were non-smokers 41 (58.57%) and 29 (41.42%) smokers.
Among these 15 (51.72%) males smoking once or twice. and 14(48.
82%) females. About 30(73.17%) respondents had never tried or experimented smoking and 11(26.82%) respondents tried smoking once or twice.
Table 1.1 statistical analysis Males (n=15) Females (n=14)Average of smoking age 20.6 20.
9 T test ( smoking age) 0.358159Table 1.1 depicts that average smoking age of males were 20.6 and females were 20.9. males and females smoking age t-test is 0.358159 this shows there is no significance in the age of male and female.
Table 2 reasons to start smoking and continue smoking Parameters smoker(n= 29) Non-smoker (n= 41)Reasons for initiating smoking:CuriousDepressed/stressedpeer impactfashionableMedia exposureLoneliness and anger No. % 09 31.0310 34.4810 34.48 No. %02 4.
8712 41.3705 12.1918 43.9002 4.8702 4.87Reasons for continuing smoking:AddictedLooks fashionable or coolBecause all friends doReleases stressGives pleasureDepressionRelieves boredomOther reasons 08 27.5805 17.2401 3.
4408 27.5806 20.68–01 3.44 20 40.
7807 17.07-01 2.4303 7.
3107 17.0703 7.31Table 2 shows the reasons for smoking, whereby it was examined that amongst smokers 31.03% smokers agreed that they initiated smoking out of their curiosity, 34.
48% started because they are depressed ,34.28% smoked due to peer influence and among Non-smokers chose; 4.87% curious, 41.37% depressed , 12.19% selected peer influence , 43.
90% reported fashion , 4.87% by media exposure and 4.87% respondents claimed that people feel angry or lonely which results in smoking .Another parameter focused of reasons for continuing smoking whereby it was examined that among smokers, 08% chose addicted, 27.58 % found smoking fashionable or cool, 05% claimed that they smoke because their friends do it, 17.
24% quoted that smoking release stress whereas non -smokers quoted that people mostly smoke as an outcome of addiction and 40% non- smokers selected the said reason, 17.07% non -smoked addressed that smokers think it looks fashionable.Table 3 Diverse smoking behaviour among smokers (n = 29) frequency Percentage (%)• Period of smoking Few months Few years • Number of cigarettes each day Only one 2-4 5-7 8-10 More than 10• Tried to quit smoking Yes no 200901120604061811 68.9612.853.4441.3720.
6813.7920.6862.0637.
93Table 3 shows smoking behaviour among the smokers, after data analysis it was found that 68.96% smokers started smoking from few months, and 12.85 % are smoking from few years. 3.44% smokers smoke one cigarettes in a day, 41.37% smoke 2-4 cigarettes, 20.68% smokes 5-7 pipes, 13.79% smoke 8-10 cigarettes and 20.
68% smoke more than 10 cigarettes a day. 62.06% smokers tried quit smoking while as 37.93% did not even try to quit smoking.Table 4 Different smoking experiences of the smokers (n =29) Frequency Percentage (%)• Pleasure feeling• Good taste in mouth• Bad taste in mouth• Relaxed feeling• An increase in concentration• Decrease in stress• Decrease in appetite 21 12 12 21 13 1507 72.
4141.3741.3772.
4144.8251.7224.
13According to data analysis, 72.41% respondents quoted that smoking is a pleasure feeling, 41.37 % addressed that it tastes good , 41.37% selected Bad taste in mouth , 72.41 % said its a relaxed feeling , 44.82% selected an increase in concentration , 51.72% selected decrease in stress and 24.
13 % selected decrease in appetite .Table 5 family smoking status (n = 70) Frequency Percentage (%)Smoking family Non- smoking family 1852 25.7174.28Rules about smoking in home Allowed Not allowed 0961 12.8587.14Family members discourage for smoking Yes No 6406 91.428.57Table 5 shows the family smoking status.
25.71% respondents belonged to smoking family whereas 74.28% respondents were from Non-Smoking family. 12.85% respondents are allowed to smoke at home but 87.14% are not allowed at all.
91.42% respondents quoted that their family members discourage for smoking where as 8.57 % answered that their families do no discourage smokingTable 6 awareness and views towards smoking (n = 70) Frequency Percentage(%)Aware of passive smoking 70 100Aware of negative health impacts 70 100Hear or see anti-smoking messages: Never Sometimes A lot Don’t know 06263701 8.5737.
1452.851.42Anti-smoking advertisements have an impact Yes No Little bit 302713 42.8538.5718.57Type of campaign would encourage smokers:awareness programme in schools and collegescounselling more advertisements (showing bad examples)workshops high rates through films(play, nukad natak etc)don’t know 07081503040429 1011.421.
424.285.715.7141.42Smoking should be banned Yes No 5515 78.5721.42Table 6 shows the awareness and opinion of the respondents concerning smoking.
70(100) reported that they are aware of passive smoking and negative health impacts of smoking. About 30(42.85) gave their opinion that anti- smoking advertisements have an impact.
According to the data analysis,100% respondents were aware of passive smoking, 100% individuals were aware or adverse health effects of smoking. The respondents were questioned whether they saw or ever heard anti-smoking messages; 8.57% selected “never”, 37.14% selected “sometimes” 52.85% selected “a lot” and 1.42% selected “don’t know”.42% respondents believed that anti- smoking ads have an impact, 38.
5% believe that there is no impact of such ads ,18.57% believe that there is a little bit impact of smoking ads on smokers.At the time of data collection, the respondents were inquired about campaigns to be started in order to overcome smoking issue where by 10% respondents selected awareness programme in schools and colleges, 11.4% selected “counselling” , 21.42% selected “more advertisements (showing bad examples)” ,4.42% selected workshops , 5.71% selected “through films” and 41.42% respondents selected an option “don’t know”.
The end part of the survey concentrated on the question whether smoking should be banned? 78.57% respondents carefully chosen that it should be banned however only 21.42% wanted that smoking should not be banned.Discussion In the present examination share of the respondents were non-smokers 41 (58.
57%) and 29 (41.42%) smokers. Among these 15 (51.72%) guys and 14(48.
82%), females uncovered smokers. An examination in Lagos in the year 2011 among understudies, itemized 43 smoking predominance which is like the dislike think about. In this investigation 30(73.
17%) respondents had never attempted or tested smoking and 11(26.82%) respondents had a go at smoking on more than one occasion this finding is steady with an examination directed on understudies in Delhi. The results demonstrated that 31.03% smokers concurred that they started smoking out of their advantage, 34.48% began in light of the fact that they are depressed,34.
28% smoked because of companion impact. among Non-smokers picked; 4.87% inquisitive, 41.37% discouraged, 12.
19% chose peer impact, 43.90% announced form, 4.87% by media presentation and 4.87% respondents asserted that individuals feel irate or desolate which brings about smoking.
Madipally Kumar Srikanth et al uncovered practically identical discoveries among young people in Telangana India. The of purposes for keeping smoking whereby it was examined that among smokers, 08% picked dependent, 27.58 % discovered smoking popular or cool, 05% asserted that they smoke on the grounds that their companions do it, 17.
24% cited that smoking discharge pressure though non – smokers cited that individuals for the most part smoke because of habit and aggregate of 40% non-smokers chose the said reason, 17.07% non-smoked tended to that smokers think it looks in vogue. Compulsion is one of the significant purposes behind the continuation of smoking. Diverse national and global looks into have revealed the comparative discoveries. 62.06% smokers attempted to stop smoking while as 37.
93% did not endeavor to stop smoking. As demonstrated by this examination 72.41% respondents revealed that smoking is a wonderful inclination, 41.37 % watched out for that it tastes incredible , 41.37% chose Awful taste in mouth , 72.41 % said its a casual inclination, 44.82% chose an expansion in fixation, 51.
72% chose diminish in pressure and 24.13 % chose lessen in hunger .It was additionally watched that 25.71% respondents had a place with smoking family though 74.28% respondents were from Non-Smoking family. 100% respondents thought about aloof smoking, 100% people knew or adverse wellbeing effects of smoking.
42% respondents trusted that against smoking advertisements have an effect, 38.5% trust that there is no effect of such ads,18.57% trust that there is a tad effect of smoking promotions on smokers. This is like the discoveries of Paulina Wojtyla et al among understudies. This exploration investigated the distinctive purposes for smoking among youth. Lion’s share of the smokers got the propensity in light of pressure and associate impact. The reasons why youngsters smoke was seen to be multifactorial and the joined effect of all was making high odds of smoking among them.
Companion impact and interest about smoking were the primary purposes behind smoking took after by adolescents.conclusionSince counteractive action is said to be superior to cure, it is imperative to look at the root inception of the issue. Hence in this examination explanations for smoking have been concentrated to comprehend why young people end up corresponded with smoking. It was seen in the present research that nearly of the respondents were non-smokers 41 (58.57%) and 29 (41.42%) were smokers. Smoking issue is expanding step by step. Numerous sorts of dissatisfaction are the significant reason for smoking.
Understudies are leaders of future, who are dependent smoking quickly. So we should quit smoking to left the understudies or future pioneers. The respondents recommended certain strategies for discouraging smokers.
5 respondents trusted that high cost of the cigarette parcels would decrease the measure of smokers. From the examination, it was dissected that 21.42% respondents suggested “more promotions (indicating terrible illustrations)” 11.
4% respondents prescribed “guiding, and 10% respondents suggested mindfulness program in schools and universities. Another proposal was the restriction on the cigarette all in all. Review comes about showed that companion impact, design, gloom and interest were the primary purposes for beginning smoking and that satisfaction, dependence, and scholastic pressure were the principle explanations for keeping smoking. consequently it is critical to make preventive procedures to diminish smoking. Cigarette smoking is predominant among school-going, undergrads in Delhi, in this manner it is fundamental to consider the distinctive types of smoking which would be useful in arranging the better antismoking programs.
There is a need to actualize open and private prosperity mediations, with one of a kind concentration to the smoking patterns and destructive impacts among the understudies for the adolescent age group18-25 who are the brilliant fate of our country. Smoking anticipation projects should go for distinguishing hazard gatherings and discovering measures to shield these powerless gathering from start. Adolescents ought to be guided on the impacts of staying with awful and encouraged to pick their companions astutely.
Undertakings should go for helping adolescents increase energetic control with the goal that they don’t surrenders to weights from peers. Also since young people learn by impersonation, more established kin and relatives ought to be taught on the dangers of smoking within the sight of youths and moreover about leaving cigarettes at the transfer of teenagers. Youngsters should be maintained in strategies for overseeing worry with the objective that they don’t swing to cigarettes. Smoking is turned out to be destructive to wellbeing various sicknesses are connected with it. Anyone with a smoking enslavement has a higher level of having lung and different kinds of sicknesses. The best way to keep the negative impacts of smoking is quit smoking through and through. Since Brooke Shields once stated, “Smoking slaughters.
On the off chance that you are slaughtered, you’ve lost a basic bit of your life.
