The implementation of green supply chain management in enterprises is not smooth sailing, often encountered many obstacles and barriers.
Understanding the resistance factors of green supply chain management can help us better deal with the difficult problems faced by green reform. From the concept of green supply chain management was put forward to the present, the research on the resistance factors of enterprise green supply chain management has been an important topic. Walter J.V. Vermeulen (2005)16 considers that market communication, information cost and information effectiveness are the main obstacles (resistance) to the green product. Therefore, the main problem of green supply chain operation is how to coordinate the contradictions between the three.
The author puts forward a qualitative analysis to solve this contradiction. Shen Liang (2008)17 believes that under the market mechanism, higher production costs are the main factors to promote green supply chain management, will delay or even hinder the development of green supply chain, and at this time the government intervention may make the development smoothly. Liu Xiao (2008)18 divides the development resistance of China’s green supply chain management into three aspects: weak awareness of environmental protection between the government and enterprises, imperfect environmental protection system in China, and obstacles to green supply chain management from other members of the supply chain. Yu Yang (2008)19 divides the resistance factors of green supply chain management into external resistance factors and internal resistance factors. The external resistance includes enterprise resistance from the upstream and downstream of the supply chain and the awareness level of social public (Page 10), internal resistance mainly includes the level of environmental awareness of business managers, the resistance of the relevant departments within the enterprise and potential risks. Luthra Sunil (2011) 20 used the Interpretative Structural Model (ISM) to propose a structural model of the barriers to green supply chain management in the Indian automotive industry.
The model identifies five dependent variables, three driving variables, three related variables, and zero independent variables. The study also discusses ways to remove these obstacles in green supply chain management. Huang Huiting (2012) holds that the main obstacles to the development of green supply chain management in China are the obstacles in public perception, imperfect legal system and technical difficulties in implementation.
Shaofeng Liu et al. (2012)21 set up a new integration model to integrate green market and sustainable supply chain. This model can be explained from six perspectives: product, promotion, planning, process, personnel and project (6Ps). The empirical results show that the factors that hinder green market becoming sustainable supply chain are internal and external. There are two types of internal factors: the lack of science and technology to properly balance the natural environment and social benefits and economic benefits, the lack of a scientific evaluation system to control and evaluate the performance of the green market.
External factors include: common interests and vision from internal and external shareholders, mutual trust and cooperation from supply chain partners and customers, Kannan Govindan et al. (2014)22 pointed out that 47 obstacles in green supply chain management were identified through industry experts’ discussions and multi-industry questionnaires, and then the basic factors were analyzed by AHP. The priority order of obstacles and main obstacles is identified and sorted. Finally, the stability of priority order is tested and analyzed. KY. Tippaya wong et al. (2015) 23found a significant correlation between green production practices and green logistics practices and enterprise economic performance and found that the biggest obstacle to successful green supply chain management is enterprise cost and technical complexity.
In many research works Environmental performance was measured. GSCM practices enrich environmental performance in organizations that is established by Researchers 22, 24, 25. Cervera and Flores 26, Ninlawan et al. 27, Zhu et al. 28, VarioCorderio and Sarkis 29, Walley and Whitehead 30, 31, Zhu et al. 32, Montabon et al.
33, Wagner et al. 34, and Zhu et al. 35 figure it out major and affirmative relationships among GSCM practices and environmental performance.
