The concept transformational leadership was first introduced by researcher James MacGregor Burns (1978). According to Burns, transforming leadership is a process in which “leaders and followers help each other to advance to a higher level of morale and motivation”.
Hackman and Johnson (2013) defined transformational leadership as a process where leader focuses on their follower and have the ability to create a leader out of their own group followers. As indicated by Hackman and Johnson (2013), the attributes in this style of administration have been characterized by numerous specialists, but in general, there are five main traits that are recognized by most of them: creative, interactive, visionary, empowering and passionate. Hackman and Johnson (2013) say a leader should think creatively and encourage his follower at the same time. As we already know from the definition that, transformational leaders are centered towards their followers, so, they have to be interactive with followers.
Transformational leaders. As per Bennis and Nanus (1997), transformational leaders spend time speaking with both representatives inside the organization and individuals and organizations outside of the company keeping in mind the goal to frame a viable vision for the enterprise. Transformational leaders are exceptionally dedicated to their work and can demonstrate affection with whom they work. The energy and enthusiasm encourage others and guarantees that they perform tasks at their highest levels (Hackman and Johnson, 2013).The principle/factors of transformational leadershipInspirational motivation (charisma/visionary) – here the leader is consistent, provides vision, sense of mission, builds trust, respects and provides values to the follower.
Intellectual stimulation (innovation/creative) – creates an innovative way of viewing situations and problem solving as well as decision making.Idealized influence (inspiration/interactive) – here a leader acts as a role model and communicates expectation. They use symbols to focus understanding of goals.Individual consideration (empowerment/passionate) – here the leader coaches and advice.
Provides supportive behavior and mentorship.
