waste management system. All steps in municipal solid waste management starting from household waste storage, waste segregation, recycling, and collection frequency, willingness to pay for waste management services, and selection of waste treatment sit and disposal facilities depend on public awareness and participation (Gogilo, 2014).In the activities of solid waste management leaders face different challenges such as attitudinal problem of the residents, budget constraint, weak organization, weak stakeholders’ participation and shortage proper disposal site. There is poor practice of SWM in the residents. Living with waste is not considered as bad practice and shame for residents. In most of the community, the major attitudinal problem is giving the responsibility of solid waste management to the government and externalizes their responsibility.
This attitudinal problem makes residents’ victim on different diseases caused by wastes and unable to overcome their responsibility on solid waste management. It is obvious to observe illegal dumping of waste takes as cultural practice rather than taking as bad practice in majority of residential and institutional areas.Residents of the town throwing their waste at night time on sides of rivers, roads and any open places is not considered as a sign of backwardness by the community (FDRE, Ministry of Urban Development and Housing, 2015).Solid waste management systems in developing countries display an array of challenges which include low collection coverage, open dumping, burning without pollution control, operational inefficiencies of services, limited utilization of recycling activities, inadequate land fill sites, and inadequate management of hazardous waste are unsatisfactory from the environmental, economic and financial points of view.
These challenges are caused by various factors which can be categorized into technical, financial, institutional, and social constraints (Ogawa, 2002).According to ANRs Environmental protection (2007) the main stakeholders of SWM are groups, individuals and organizations which are concerned with municipal solid waste management service users, service providers, intermediaries and regulators. These can include communities, informal sectors, private sector enterprises, urban administration, NGOs. Leaders should have to use these stakeholders capacity to contribute their own part on solid waste.The Polluter Pays Principle is a principle where the polluting party pays for the damage done to the natural environment. With respect to waste management, this generally refers to the requirement for a generator to pay for appropriate disposal of the waste (Ibd).
Progress has been made in waste management policies and strategies. The use of economic instruments
